{"id":277989,"date":"2026-11-10T00:25:40","date_gmt":"2026-11-09T19:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=277989"},"modified":"2026-11-09T23:31:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T19:01:47","slug":"%d8%af%db%8c%da%ab%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%82%d9%88%d9%85-%da%85%d9%88%da%a9-%d8%af%db%8c%d8%9f-%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%8c-%d9%be%da%9a%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=277989","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u061f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06d0\u06cc\u0645\u0647 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[\u06f2\u060c \u06f3\u060c \u06f4\u060c \u06f5\u060c \u06f1\u06f0]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0627\u0693\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u060c \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648\u060c \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u06cd \u06ab\u0689\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0693\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1 \u00a0\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627 \u0646\u064a \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u06ab \u0627\u062f\u0645\u06a9 (Ludwig W. Adamec) \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u060c \u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f7\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06f8\u06f3 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u067e\u0696\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u06a9\u060c \u06f1\u06f5\u06f6 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0693 \u062f \u0645\u06a9\u06ab\u0631\u06d0\u06ab\u0648\u0631 (McGregor) \u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u064a: [\u06f1\u060c \u06f2]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Dumeh, Chaguni, Kuli, Buzurg, Debazai, Malikzai<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0686\u0627\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06ab\u060c \u062f\u06d0\u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0\u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cd \u0685\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0633\u0627\u067e\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u06d0 \u069a\u064a\u064a. \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0693 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a. [\u06f1\u060c \u06f2]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0693 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0644 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u062f \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06d0\u0696\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0681\u064a \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0647: \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u064a. \u062f \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u062f \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f2 \u00a0\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u00a0\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0632\u0647\u060c \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a\u060c \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u0645. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u0645. \u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0\u060c \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062f \u0646\u0631\u0646\u06ab \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u060c\u0634\u0693\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0689\u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u0689\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0647 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u064a \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u0689\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0634\u062a\u0647. [\u06f3]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u06ab\u0644\u0648\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0645: \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0686\u06d0 \u0632\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u0645\u060c \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u062f\u064a. \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u06ab\u0644\u0648\u06cd \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062f \u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 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\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u06cd \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u00ab\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0628\u0632\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u00ab\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u064a\u00bb \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061b \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f1\u060c \u06f2\u060c \u06f3]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u060c \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u06cd \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u069a\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f3 \u00a0\u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062b\u0628\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f9\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u00ab\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u06d0\u062f\u06cc\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0644\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u06f5\u06f6 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u064a \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0647 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a. \u062f \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc: [\u06f4]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Dehgan \u2192 Umar Khel \u2192 Ali Khel \u2192 Khaddar Khel \u2192 Mohmit Khel \u2192 Utmanzai \u2192 Darwesh Khel Wazirs<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06cc: \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u06d0\u0634\u200c\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693 \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f4]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u00abDigan Khel\u00bb \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0693\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0646\u069a\u06d0 \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u06d0 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061b \u062f \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u064a. [\u06f4\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06f5\u06f6\u2013\u06f5\u06f7]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f4 \u00a0\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u062b\u0628\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f9\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u00abDihgan\u00bb \u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062e \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647 (Zarbadshah) \u06cc\u06d0 \u0645\u0634\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0627\u0693\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0686\u0627\u067e \u06f5\u06f6\u2013\u06f5\u06f7 \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. [\u06f4]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u06d0\u0686 \u0627\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u0632 (H. A. Rose) \u062f \u06f1\u06f9\u06f1\u06f1\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u06a9\u060c \u06f2\u06f2\u06f6 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0644\u062e \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f5]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a\u061b \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u06d0 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u06d0 \u0689\u0644\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f5 \u00a0\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0693\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f9\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0632\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0693 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0696 \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062a\u0647. \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062a\u0631 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u064a \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cd \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0648. [\u06f4]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u06cc\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. [\u06f4]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06d0 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0693 \u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u062f \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0646\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631\u060c \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6 \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u067c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u067c\u0646 (Robert Warburton) \u067e\u0647 \u00ab\u067e\u0647 \u062e\u06cc\u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0627\u062a\u0644\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0634\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u00ab\u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u06f1\u06f9\u06f0\u06f0\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0686\u0627\u067e \u067e\u0647 \u06f8\u06f7 \u0627\u0648 \u06f9\u06f8 \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u06f9\u06f8 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u062f \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f6]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u067e\u0696\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0634\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u0627\u0693\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0648\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0628\u0647\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u062f \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0693 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u06d0 \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u200c\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a. [\u06f2\u060c Barikao\u061b Besud\/Behsud\u061b Tahir]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0644\u0693\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0693 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u00ab\u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u00ab\u062a\u0627\u062c\u06a9\u00bb \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc. \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u200c\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a. [\u06f2]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0633\u0648\u06d0\u0644 \u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0681 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u00bb \u062f \u06f1\u06f9\u06f1\u06f2\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u060c \u06f2\u06f7\u2013\u06f2\u06f8 \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0634\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0634\u0627\u06cc (Shershai) \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u06a9 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u0689\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062f \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u062a\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u067c\u06a9\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u062f \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. [\u06f7]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f7 \u00a0\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06ab\u0689 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0648\u0646\u067c\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0627\u0631\u067c \u0627\u06d0\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0646 (Mountstuart Elphinstone) \u062f \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f1\u06f9\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u067c\u0648\u06a9\u060c \u06f1\u06f6\u06f0 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f8]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u067c\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u067c\u0646 (Walter Hamilton) \u062f \u00ab\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0681 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u060c \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u06a9\u060c \u06f1\u06f8\u06f2\u06f8\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a: [\u06f9]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">The tribe of Afghans named the Deggauns<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06d0: \u00ab\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u00bb. \u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u06ab\u0689 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc. \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u00ab\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u0646\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a: \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0698\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. [\u06f4\u060c \u06f5\u060c \u06f9]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u067c\u0646 \u0627\u06d0\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u062f \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f8 \u00a0\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0627 (Olivier Roy) \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u00bb \u062f \u06f1\u06f9\u06f8\u06f5\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06f8\u06f8 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u064a \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc: [\u06f1\u06f0]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">non-tribalized Pashto tribes<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f3 \u0645\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u00abdihgan\u00bb \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u061b \u062f \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0\u060c \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f1\u06f0]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u00ab\u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a. \u062f \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06ab\u0689 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06d0\u0696\u064a: \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0698\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0693\u064a. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062f \u0646\u0646\u0646\u06cd \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cd \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u06a9\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u0646\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. [\u06f2\u060c \u06f3\u060c \u06f1\u06f0]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f9 \u00a0\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0647 \u0646\u069a\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0\u060c \u062f \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0647\u060c\u0634\u0693\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0689\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u06a9\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc. [\u06f1\u2013\u06f6\u060c \u06f1\u06f0]<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631 \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u060c \u0685\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u062a\u0627\u062c\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0634\u0647\u200c\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0644 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0633 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0632\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0645 \u0686\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06d0 \u0632\u0645\u0627 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u06ab\u0644\u0648\u06cd \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0645 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f \u06a9\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u063a\u0696 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1] Ludwig W. Adamec. Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Second edition. Scarecrow Press, 1997. p. 83, \u201cDehgan\u201d.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.3693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.3693&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw29ipo24OeF-ryGVl39YDwX\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>dli.pahar.3693<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f2] Ludwig W. Adamec, ed. Historical and Political Gazetteer of Afghanistan. Vol. 6, Kabul and Southeastern Afghanistan. Graz, 1985. p. 156, \u201cDehgan\u201d; p. 93, \u201cBarikao\u201d (34-19, 70-43); entries Abadian, Bagrami (Surkhab), Bakhtan Kala, Besud\/Behsud, Tahir, Zakhel-i-Zulfikar-Khan.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historical-and-political-gazetteer-of-afghanistan-volume-6-kabul-and-south-eastern-afghanistan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historical-and-political-gazetteer-of-afghanistan-volume-6-kabul-and-south-eastern-afghanistan&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw20tqP8jA_pR2KQSjOhNST2\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>historical-and-political-<wbr \/>gazetteer-of-afghanistan-<wbr \/>volume-6-kabul-and-south-<wbr \/>eastern-afghanistan<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f3] \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a. \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0632\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u06ab\u0644\u0648\u06cd\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cd\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0631\u0646\u06ab \u067e\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06ab\u0689 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u06f8 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6\u0645.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f4] Intelligence Branch, Quarter Master General\u2019s Department, India. A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes on the North-West Frontier of India. Calcutta, 1899. pp. 56\u201357: Dehgan; Digan Khel; Dihgan. \u062f \u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0693 \u062f \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0648 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0693\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0693 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-services\/service\/gdc\/gdclccn\/02\/01\/35\/72\/02013572\/02013572.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-services\/service\/gdc\/gdclccn\/02\/01\/35\/72\/02013572\/02013572.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0ZFYYXJWWOIf4yb85i7qWu\">https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-<wbr \/>services\/service\/gdc\/gdclccn\/<wbr \/>02\/01\/35\/72\/02013572\/02013572.<wbr \/>pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f5] H. A. Rose. A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province. Vol. II. Lahore, 1911. p. 226, \u201cDawari septs\u201d.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/b2901086x_0002\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/b2901086x_0002&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0cA-U2L0LwEldcX4TcSNIz\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>b2901086x_0002<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f6] Robert Warburton. Eighteen Years in the Khyber 1879\u20131898. London: John Murray, 1900. pp. 87, 98.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-services\/public\/gdc\/05010968\/05010968.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-services\/public\/gdc\/05010968\/05010968.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0WfDtS7I_k8e0FTmvOJxfi\">https:\/\/tile.loc.gov\/storage-<wbr \/>services\/public\/gdc\/05010968\/<wbr \/>05010968.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f7] General Staff India. Routes in Afghanistan South-East. Second edition. Simla, 1912. Route 1-E, Basawal to Jalalabad via Kahi, pp. 27\u201328.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.1947\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.1947&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067527000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2RqtERFj2Zuk9gKE1tKovB\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>dli.pahar.1947<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f8] Mountstuart Elphinstone. An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul and Its Dependencies in Persia Tartary and India. Second edition. Vol. I. London, 1819. p. 160. \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0633\u06a9\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f7\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ignca.gov.in\/Asi_data\/14405.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/ignca.gov.in\/Asi_data\/14405.pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1S5nyG6z9uF29PaNOnvscw\">https:\/\/ignca.gov.in\/Asi_data\/<wbr \/>14405.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f9] Walter Hamilton. The East-India Gazetteer. Second edition. Vol. II. London, 1828. p. 138, \u201cLughman\u201d.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.0098\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/dli.pahar.0098&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3ACPueTqK1QSiI72fEaQgU\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>dli.pahar.0098<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1\u06f0] Olivier Roy. Afghanistan: Islam and Political Modernity. JPRS-NEA-85-116, 11 September 1985. DTIC ADA350752. Printed pp. 88, 183. \u062f \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062f \u06f8\u06f8 \u0645\u062e \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u0633\u062a \u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f3 \u0645\u062e \u06ab\u0689 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/DTIC_ADA350752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/DTIC_ADA350752&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1j6ClLeHoC-X5JI0pa12vU\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/<wbr \/>DTIC_ADA350752<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1\u06f1] Thomas Ruttig and \u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. The Domino Effect in Paktia and the Fall of Zurmat: A case study of the Taleban surrounding Afghan cities. Afghanistan Analysts Network, 14 August 2021. \u062f \u0632\u0631\u0645\u062a \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afghanistan-analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-and-peace\/the-domino-effect-in-paktia-and-the-fall-of-zurmat-a-case-study-of-the-taleban-surrounding-afghan-cities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.afghanistan-analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-and-peace\/the-domino-effect-in-paktia-and-the-fall-of-zurmat-a-case-study-of-the-taleban-surrounding-afghan-cities\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1w6A_T9MYDRYfgG711r7hL\">https:\/\/www.afghanistan-<wbr \/>analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-<wbr \/>and-peace\/the-domino-effect-<wbr \/>in-paktia-and-the-fall-of-<wbr \/>zurmat-a-case-study-of-the-<wbr \/>taleban-surrounding-afghan-<wbr \/>cities\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1\u06f2] \u0646\u0639\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u064a. History of the Afghans. Translated by Bernhard Dorn. London, 1829\u20131836. Part II, printed pp. 56\u201357. \u062f \u06ab\u0689 \u06f3\u06f5\u06f8 \u067e\u0627\u06bc\u06cc\u0632 \u0633\u06a9\u06cc\u0646 \u06f2\u06f7\u06f4\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u06f2\u06f7\u06f5\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:History_of_the_Afghans,_(Part_I)_(IA_dli.granth.35208).pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:History_of_the_Afghans,_(Part_I)_(IA_dli.granth.35208).pdf&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2q35Ul7eK2k4CNNFyTJ_kS\">https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/<wbr \/>wiki\/File:History_of_the_<wbr \/>Afghans,_(Part_I)_(IA_dli.<wbr \/>granth.35208).pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1\u06f3] A\u1e25mad Tafa\u017c\u017col\u012b. \u201cDEHQ\u0100N\u201d. Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VII, pp. 223\u2013226. Published 15 December 1994; updated 29 October 2013. \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u06cd \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062f \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iranicaonline.org\/articles\/dehqan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.iranicaonline.org\/articles\/dehqan\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3EbOL-XmgLf8Sq5wYvcgs-\">https:\/\/www.iranicaonline.org\/<wbr \/>articles\/dehqan\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">[\u06f1\u06f4] Afghanistan Analysts Network. One Land, Two Rules (8): Delivering public services in insurgency-affected insurgent-controlled Zurmat district. 2019. \u201cThe context\u201d section. \u062f \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0646\u06ab\u200c\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.afghanistan-analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-and-peace\/one-land-two-rules-8-delivering-public-services-in-insurgency-affected-insurgent-controlled-zurmat-district\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.afghanistan-analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-and-peace\/one-land-two-rules-8-delivering-public-services-in-insurgency-affected-insurgent-controlled-zurmat-district\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1794333067528000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1RglrvvBDvlHfmiCo7vwEf\">https:\/\/www.afghanistan-<wbr \/>analysts.org\/en\/reports\/war-<wbr \/>and-peace\/one-land-two-rules-<wbr \/>8-delivering-public-services-<wbr \/>in-insurgency-affected-<wbr \/>insurgent-controlled-zurmat-<wbr \/>district\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u00a0MD, PhD<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f9 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647: <a href=\"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=277739\">\u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u061f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06d0\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a \u00a0| \u00a0\u06f9 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":166293,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[1,121],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-277989","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-uncategorized","category-social"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062f\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u061f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 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