{"id":274213,"date":"2026-08-17T01:09:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-16T20:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=274213"},"modified":"2026-08-17T01:09:57","modified_gmt":"2026-08-16T20:39:57","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%ba%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%88-%d8%af-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=274213","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a: \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0646\u0647\u061b<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u06bc\u0627 \u06a9\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n\u0689\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a<br \/>\n\u06f1\u06f5 \u0627\u06ab\u0633\u062a\u06f6 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a (Human Security)\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u060c \u0647\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 (Human Capital)\u060c \u06a9\u0689\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d0\u062f\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd\u060c \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a (Institutional Legitimacy) \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Selective Adaptation).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0644\u0646\u0689\u06cc\u0632<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f6\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u06f1) \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\/\u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a (\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6) \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab\u060c \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u069a\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0640 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u06a9\u06d0 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062f\u06cc: \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0640 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a (State Capacity)\u060c \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0681\u0627\u0646-\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u061b \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u06d0\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0698\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0640 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u069a\u064a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a\u060c \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (Social Trust) \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0: \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u061b Selective Adaptation\u061b \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0642\u0647\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u0629\u061b \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a (Human Security)\u061b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u061b \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u061b \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 (Human Capital)\u061b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u061b \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u061b \u0647\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 (Institutional Pluralism)\u061b \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1. \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0647: \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u06ab\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062f \u0648\u0631\u0681\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0633\u062a: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0631\u062d\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0644. \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u061f\u00bb\u061b \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u060c \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u06d0 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u06cc\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0634\u064a. \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u0647\u200c\u062f\u06d0\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06d0 \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u0686\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u061f \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u00ab\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u00bb\u060c \u00ab\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f2. \u062f \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u062e\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u0646\u0647 (Institutional State-Building) \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u069a\u0681\u0648\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062f \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u062f \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0646\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u06ab\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0644\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0693 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u06a9\u0693\u06cc\u061b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062e\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u06cc\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u06ab\u067c\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d0 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u064a\u061b \u062e\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f3. \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u0640 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u061b \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u061b \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u061b \u062f \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u06cc\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644. \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0635 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647\u060c \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b \u062f \u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0640 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u069a\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u00bb \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06d0 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u00bb \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0681\u0627\u0646-\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0647\u061b \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a. \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0641\u06cc\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f3.\u06f1 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0637\u0631\u0641\u06cd \u0627\u0635\u0644<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06d0 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u069a\u0681\u0648\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0648\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u0646\u0642\u062f \u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd\u060c \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u06cc. \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0689\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u067e\u067c\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f3.\u06f2 \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0648\u069a\u062a: \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 Selective Adaptation \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0648 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u06d0 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">(\u06f1) State-capacity adaptation \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u061b \u2014 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u06ab\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u061b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">(\u06f2) Normative continuity \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0648 (\u06f3) Legitimacy gap \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u0627\u067c\u0646\u061b \u2014 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0644 (Modernization) \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0644 (Liberalization) \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06cc\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0638 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u00ab\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\/\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u200c\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0689\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u064a \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f institutional hybridity\u060c policy learning \u0627\u0648 Selective Adaptation \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u06d0 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u06bc\u0627 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u00ab\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u00bb \u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u00ab\u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u00bb\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0685\u0647 \u0634\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u0644\u06d0\u060c \u062f \u0686\u0627 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u0646\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0685\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f4. \u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u067e\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Selective Adaptation)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06d0 \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u062a\u06ab<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u069a\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06d0\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f5. \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a (\u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f6\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u06f1) \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a (\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6): \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f6\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u06f1<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u061b \u062a\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u062d\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u06cc\u0689\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061b \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Selective Adaptation)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0646\u06d0\u067c \u0627\u0648 \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0644\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u06cc\u0628\u067e\u0627\u06bc\u06d0\u060c \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u06d0\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0622\u0646\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u063a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u0634\u067e\u0696\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u06cc \u0648.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0634\u067e\u0696\u0645 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0639.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u067e\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0633\u06d0 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u061b UNESCO \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06f2.\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632\u0645\u0646\u06d0 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f2 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u061b \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f2 \u062f\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u062a\u06ab<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u0647 \u0681\u067e\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0689\u06d0\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u06d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d0\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0642\u06cc\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\/\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cd<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u06d0\u0632\u0645 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0647 \u0648.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647\u061b \u062e\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0681\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0648\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u06ab\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Institutional Adaptation)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0648\u064a \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u064a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0628.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u067c\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cd \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647\u061b \u062f \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cd \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u06f1 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u0693 \u0634\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u06d0 \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u0633\u0645\u0628\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f6. \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c: \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6.\u06f1 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0647: \u062f \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u064a: \u00ab\u0648\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0644 \u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0650\u0651 \u0632\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0639\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064b\u0627\u00bb \u2014 \u00ab\u0648\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0647: \u0627\u06d0 \u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0693\u0647\u00bb (Qur&#8217;an 20:114).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u067e\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u06a9\u0648\u064a (Qur&#8217;an 39:9) \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0648\u062d\u06cc \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a (Qur&#8217;an 96:1\u20135).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u062c\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (Sahih Muslim, 2699a).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u06d0 \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \ufdfa \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0681\u06d0 \u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0648\u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0647 (Sahih al-Bukhari, 101).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0696 \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0696\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u0628\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u0648.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6.\u06f2 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f \u0633\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (Qur&#8217;an 4:58)\u060c \u062f \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u067c\u06cc\u0646\u06ab\u069a\u062a \u067c\u06cc\u0646\u06ab\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a (Qur&#8217;an 5:8)\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u00ab\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u00bb \u06ab\u06bc\u064a (Qur&#8217;an 42:38). \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6.\u06f3 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u00bb \u062e\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u00bb \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062e\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u062d\u062c\u062a \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067c\u06a9\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u0646\u0648 \u00ab\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0648\u0696 \u06a9\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0647\u0631\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u062f \u0646\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6.\u06f4 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u06cc\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc. \u062f International Islamic Fiqh Academy \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f2 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u061b \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f1\u2013\u06f1\u06f2 \u0646\u06d0\u067c\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u00ab\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645: \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u00bb \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 (International Conference on Girls\u2019 Education in Muslim Communities: Challenges and Opportunities) \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06d0 (Islamabad Declaration on Girls\u2019 Education in Muslim Communities) \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u06a9\u06d0 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 (International Islamic Fiqh Academy [IIFA], 2022; Muslim World League [MWL], 2025; Organisation of Islamic Cooperation [OIC], 2025).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f7. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd: \u06cc\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06ab\u06bc \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u00ab\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0648\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0648\u06ab\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0685\u0648\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u0647\u200c\u062f\u06d0\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u06cc\u0648 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dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0686\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u06d0 \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a 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dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0648 \u06a9\u0686\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0635\u0631<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u061b \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0645\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u061b \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\/\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u06ab\u0689 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06ab\u0689 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0646\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0631 \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061b \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0644\u064a \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u061b \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cd \u0634\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06d0 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u061b \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u06cc\u0648\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u061b \u062f World Bank\/UNESCO \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 tertiary gross enrollment \u06a9\u0686\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f5\u06f3.\u06f5\u066a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 gender-parity index \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f1.\u06f1\u06f9 \u0648.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a\u061b \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062f \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u06cd\u00bb \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628 (Institutional Moderation) \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u061b \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u061b \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cd \u062f \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\">Pew Research Center \u0627\u067c\u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f0 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f2\u06f1\u06f3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u0647\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u00ab\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u00bb \u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u06d0\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0640 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f7.\u06f1 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634: \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628 (Institutional Moderation) \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u00ab\u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u00bb \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Institutional Adaptation) \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0640 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0640 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0693 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u06cc\u0627 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 policy package \u0646\u0647 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f World Bank Gender Data Portal\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u062f UNESCO Institute for Statistics \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 gross enrollment \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f5\u06f3.\u06f5 \u0633\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u0648\u064a\u061b \u062f tertiary gender-parity index \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f1.\u06f1\u06f9 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u062f \u00ab\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u06cc\u0627 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u064a\u061b \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0642\u0628\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u060c \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u200c\u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0640 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f mechanical imitation \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u00abfunctional comparison\u00bb \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u0698\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0632\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cd \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u069a\u064a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 lesson transfer \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u0648\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f7.\u06f2 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627: \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 (Institutional Pluralism) \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a \u06cc\u06d0 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u06a9\u06d0 \u0681\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u067e\u064a \u0648\u0693 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u061b \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f functional comparison \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0632\u0645\u0648\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u06ab\u0689 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627 \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u00ab\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644\u00bb \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u062f \u0645\u0646\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06ab\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f7.\u06f3 \u062f \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628\u00bb \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641: \u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628\u00bb (institutional moderation) \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f \u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u062f \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0646\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u06a9\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0637 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 proportionality\u060c gradualism\u060c consultation \u0627\u0648 evidence-based policy \u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061b \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u062f \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0648\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u0647\u063a\u06d0 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u069a\u064a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u0627\u067c\u0646 (Legitimacy Gap) \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f7.\u06f4 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u061b \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0628 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0640 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0640 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 (Institutional Pluralism)\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u06ab\u0689 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0640 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642\u0627 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06ab\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u067e\u064a \u0634\u064a\u061b \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u00bb \u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f8. \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0641\u06cc\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647: \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0631 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u0632\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 (TTP) \u062f \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u0693\u0646\u0648\u060c \u062f \u0628\u0648\u06a9\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634\/IS \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062f\u064a: (\u06f1) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u06a9\u0641\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u061b (\u06f2) \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0647\u06ab\u0631\u06cc\u0632 \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u061b (\u06f3) \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u06d0\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\/\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u064a\u061b \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0636\u062f\u00bb \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0681 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f9. \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 (Human Capital): \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647. UNESCO \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5 \u0627\u0648 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f2.\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u064a \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u06d0 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u064a (UNESCO, 2026a, 2026b). \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u06d0 \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0634\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u069a\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">UN Women \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4 Gender Index \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5 \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0693 \u0686\u06d0 \u0646\u0696\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0648 \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u06d0 \u0628\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0685\u0648 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u0686\u0647 (UN Women, 2025). \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f \u0641\u0636\u06cc\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u064a\u061f \u062f \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f0. \u069a\u0681\u06d0\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a: \u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u00ab\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\/\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u200c\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0637\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u06d0 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a: \u06a9\u0647 \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u064a. \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u200c\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0693\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u064a\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f1. \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u064a: \u062f \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Selective Adaptation) \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u06cc\u0689\u06cc\u0648\u060c \u0648\u06cc\u0628\u067e\u0627\u06bc\u06d0\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u067c\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 UNAMA \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f1\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u064a (UNAMA, 2024). \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647: \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0631\u064a: \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062f \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0689\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u067c\u06cc\u0646\u06ab\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632 \u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0693\u064a\u061b \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0648\u069a\u064a\u064a \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u06d0 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631 \u0685\u0648 \u0686\u06d0 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f2. \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a: \u062f \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u0646\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u06ab\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06d0\u069a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a (State Capacity) \u062f\u06cc. \u062e\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u061f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062e\u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u061f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06d0\u0632\u0645 \u0634\u062a\u0647\u061f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a (4:58; 5:8) \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a (42:38). \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u061b \u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u062f \u06a9\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u067e\u06a9\u06d0 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u00ab\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u00bb \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f3. \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a: \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06d0\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u00bb \u062a\u0631 \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cd \u0645\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0693\u062e\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u0634\u062f\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0633\u0693\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u06ab \u0631\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u069a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc. \u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062e\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u062c\u0628\u0647\u06d0 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0631\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0693\u06d0\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u200c\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648 \u062f \u0648\u0631\u0681\u0646\u064a \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f3.\u06f1 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0647\u0647: \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (Social Trust)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0631 \u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u062f \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0648\u063a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631\u060c \u062f \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a\u060c \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0648\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0647\u0647\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f measurable human consequences \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc: \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (Social Trust) \u0685\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0640 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0650 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u062f \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u062f \u0633\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u064a\u061b \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f \u00ab\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u062f \u062d\u0642\u00bb \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u0647\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06d0 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06d0 \u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f4. \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f: \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u060c GDP \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u06cc \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">World Bank \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6 \u062f \u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u06d0 \u0648\u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0631\u0685\u0646\u06ab \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f3.\u06f7 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 GDP \u0634\u0627\u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u06f5.\u06f6\u066a \u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc (World Bank, 2026). \u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u062a\u06d0 \u0634\u064a: \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u061b \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0647\u061b \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647. \u062f \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0647\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f 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\u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u064a \ufdfa \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0648\u063a\u0648\u069a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0644\u0647 (Bukhari 101). \u062f IIFA \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u062d\u0642\/\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0693 \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062f \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06d0\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\/\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 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\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0635\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a\/\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f4. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u06d0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06cc. \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u062a \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0696 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0631\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u00ab\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u00bb \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f5. \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u06d0\u0696\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u06d0 \u062f\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a. \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06d0 \u0628\u06bc\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0645\u0646\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0648\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u00ab\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0628\u0644\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f6. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0645\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u06a9\u0647 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u06a9\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u0645\u069a\u062a \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a. \u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u00bb \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u00ab\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0647\u00bb \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f7. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u06cc\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f 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\u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f8. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062d\u0642 \u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0693\u064a (4:58; 5:8; 42:38; 16:90). \u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0628\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f9. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0648: \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0648\u06cc\u0689\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a. \u067e\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u06cc: UNAMA \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0693\u06cc. \u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u067e\u0693 \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f0. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u064a \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06d0 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0647\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cd\u060c \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062a\u0647. \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u06cc\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u063a\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u067c \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u00bb \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f1. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0646\u0647. \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u06a9\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0631\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u06a9\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u06cc. \u00ab\u0627\u0637\u0627\u0639\u062a\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u00ab\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647\u00bb \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u061b \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0638\u0644\u0645 \u062f \u0645\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u064a \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06d0\u0632\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f2. \u0648\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0631\u0645\u062e\u062a\u06ab \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u062e\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u00ab\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u061b \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u06d0\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u067c\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0698\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a (State Capacity)\u060c \u062c\u06ab\u0693\u06d0\u060c \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u0646\u06d0 (Policy-Making) \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u06ab\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f3. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0647\u0648\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644. \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cd\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0648\u0631\u067c\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cd \u06a9\u06d0 \u0698\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062a\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u0646\u0648 \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0648 \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u06a9\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f4. \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u200c\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0644\u060c \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06d0\u0632\u0645\u060c \u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u062c\u06d0 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0689\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0648\u06ab. \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u061b \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u064a \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f7. \u062f \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6\u2013\u06f2\u06f0\u06f3\u06f1 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0685\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u06d0<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f7.\u06f1 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u0696\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647: \u0644\u0646\u0689\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0698\u0648\u0631\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f7.\u06f2 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0640 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0693\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0645\u069a\u062a. \u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u200c\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 IIFA \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u06d0\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0647\u0645\u063a\u0696\u06cd \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f7.\u06f3 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0634\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0634\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u0645\u069a\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u06d0 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0631\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u06f1\u06f7.\u06f4 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 (Institutional Transformation)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\/\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f8. \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u067c\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cd\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0689\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u067c\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u062a\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0\u060c \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0642\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06d0 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a\u06ab \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u06ab\u0689 \u0627\u0646\u0681\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062f\u06cc: \u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a: \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u0647\u200c\u062f\u06d0\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0693\u069a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06ab\u0689 \u067c\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc. \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u06d0 \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0640 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u0634\u064a. \u062f \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062f \u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062f \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0648 \u062f \u0636\u0631\u0631-\u06a9\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0685\u0631\u06ab\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 (Human Capital) \u06cc\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a. \u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0642\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062e\u0644\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f \u062e\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u0632\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062e\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u00bb (Selective Adaptation) \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0640 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 modernization \u0645\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 selective continuity \u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a\u200c\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f state transformation\u060c institutional hybridity\u060c legitimacy \u0627\u0648 policy adaptation \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0632\u0645\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f1\u06f9. \u062f \u0685\u06cc\u0693\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (Selective Adaptation) \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06d0 \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cd\u060c \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0648 \u0698\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u062d\u06a9\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062d\u062f\u06cc\u062b \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u069a\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061b \u062f \u069a\u0681\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u06d0 \u0628\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u0648.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0648\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0628\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f \u06f2\u06f1\u06f3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0622\u0633\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06d0 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u06d0 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u0627\u0648\u0696\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 (Human Capital) \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0648 \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0644 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u062a\u0693\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06d0 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cd \u062f \u06ab\u0689 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u069a\u064a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0647\u06d0\u00bb \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a (State Capacity) \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u063a\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f (Social Trust) \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0644\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u069a\u064a\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u06a9\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u06cc\u0648\u0681\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0681\u0644\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0628\u00bb \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u06a9\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u06cd \u067e\u0631 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u062a \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u2022 Selective Adaptation \u062f \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 (Normative Continuity) \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062f \u0648\u0627\u067c\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u064a \u0686\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u067c \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u06f2\u06f0. \u0633\u0631\u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">International Islamic Fiqh Academy. (2022, December 23). IIFA statement on denying Afghan girls the right to school and university education. https:\/\/iifa-aifi.org\/en\/41095.html<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Muslim World League. (2025, January 17). Islamabad Declaration on Girls Education in Muslim Communities. https:\/\/themwl.org\/en\/islamabad-declaration-girls-education-muslim-communities<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Pew Research Center. (2025). How the global religious landscape changed from 2010 to 2020: Muslim population change. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.58094\/fj71-ny11<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">UN Women. (2025). Gender Index 2024: Afghanistan. https:\/\/www.unwomen.org\/en\/digital-library\/publications\/2025\/06\/afghanistan-gender-index-2024<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan. (2024). Media freedom in Afghanistan. https:\/\/unama.unmissions.org\/sites\/default\/files\/unama_report_on_media_freedom_in_afghanistan.pdf<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">UNESCO. (2026a, August 11). Five years on: UNESCO calls for the full restoration of the right to education for Afghan girls and women. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/five-years-unesco-calls-full-restoration-right-education-afghan-girls-and-women<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">UNESCO. (2026b, August 14). Five years on: Keeping learning alive for girls and women in Afghanistan. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/five-years-keeping-learning-alive-girls-and-women-afghanistan<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">UNESCO &amp; UNICEF. (2026, January 24). UNESCO and UNICEF urge action to protect the right to education in Afghanistan. https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/articles\/unesco-and-unicef-urge-action-protect-right-education-afghanistan<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (n.d.). Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley. https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/208\/<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">World Bank. (2026, May 26). Afghanistan\u2019s economy shows resilience but living standards are falling. https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/press-release\/2026\/05\/26\/afghanistan-s-economy-shows-resilience-but-living-standards-are-falling<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">World Bank. (2026, May 26). Afghanistan Development Update: Spring 2026. https:\/\/thedocs.worldbank.org\/en\/doc\/e8eeba3d8d46fccafe273e30dff8f595-0310012026\/original\/Spring-ADU-May-26-2026-Final.pdf<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">World Bank Gender Data Portal. (2026). School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross), and tertiary gender parity indicators: Morocco. Data source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. https:\/\/genderdata.worldbank.org\/<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Kingdom of Morocco. (2011). Constitution of the Kingdom of Morocco.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Constitute Project. (2002). Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945 Constitution, as amended through 2002). Comparative Constitutions Project.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">The Qur\u2019an. Verses cited: 4:58; 5:8; 16:90; 20:114; 39:9; 42:38; 96:1\u20135.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Al-Bukhari, M. I. Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Knowledge, Hadith 101.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. Sahih Muslim, Hadith 2699a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\n\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc\u060c\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0646\u0647\u061b \u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062f \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0631\u06bc\u0627 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u062a \u06f1\u06f5 \u0627\u06ab\u0633\u062a\u06f6 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647: \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a (Human Security)\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0646\u06cd\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06ab \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u069a\u0681\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u060c \u0647\u0644\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":211121,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-274213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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