{"id":256025,"date":"2025-06-29T12:51:02","date_gmt":"2025-06-29T08:21:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=256025"},"modified":"2025-06-29T12:53:37","modified_gmt":"2025-06-29T08:23:37","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b4%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88-%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%af-%d9%84%db%8c%da%a9%d8%af%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a7-%d8%af-%d8%b2%d8%af%d9%87-%da%a9%da%93%db%90-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=256025","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627) \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u06d0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06bc\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644: \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u270d\ufe0f<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0646\u0689\u06cc\u0632<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u067e\u0693\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06bc\u06d0 (\u0634\u06a9\u0644)\u00a0 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u062f \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0681\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. \u062f\u0627 \u0685\u06d0\u0693\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u06cc\u0648 \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u06d0 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0647\u0645 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0\u200c \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u200c\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627)\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06bc\u0647 (\u0634\u06a9\u0644) \u063a\u0696\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0641\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0645 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627):<\/strong> \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f \u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0633 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0648\u0645:<\/strong> \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062d\u0633 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0633 \u06a9\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u062f\u06d0\u062f\u06d0 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06bc\u0647:<\/strong> \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u064a \u0646\u069a\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u064a \u063a\u0696 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u063a\u0696:<\/strong> \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0622\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06ab \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 \u063a\u0696\u06d0\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645:<\/strong> \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0633 \u0686\u06d0 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645 \u06ab\u06bc\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a:<\/strong> \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06ab\u0689\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u064a\u061b \u0644\u06cc\u06a9: \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644. \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a: \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0648 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06d0\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628:<\/strong> \u067e\u0647 \u0632\u0627\u0647\u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u061b \u067e\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647\u060c \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u06d0 \u0632\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0681\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u062a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647. \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u06d0 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u06d0 \u0644\u0693\u06cd \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u062e\u06d0\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u200c\u06ab\u0627\u0646\u06d0 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u06d0 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d0\u0632\u06d0 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627 \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0685\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06d0 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0645(<\/strong>Grapheme<\/strong>):<\/strong> \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0698\u0628\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u06d0\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc. \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u064a. \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0685\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0696 \u064a\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u063a\u0630 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0645 (<\/strong>Phoneme<\/strong>):<\/strong> \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u062f \u063a\u0696 \u0698\u0628\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u06d0\u0632 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06cc. \u0641\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062f \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0645 \u063a\u0696\u06d0\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u069a\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u0647<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u062f \u0698\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f \u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0693\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0631\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0693\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/td>\n\u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0648\u0644: \u0646\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 (Letter name)<\/td>\n\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u06a9\u0647: (\u0628\u06d0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0645: \u0628\u06bc\u0647 (\u0634\u06a9\u0644)<\/td>\n\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u06bc\u0647 (Grapheme)<\/td>\n\u062f \u0628\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u0644\u06a9\u0647: \u0628\u060c \u0628\u0640\u0640\u060c \u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062f\u0631\u06d0\u06cc\u0645: \u063a\u0696 (\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632)<\/td>\n\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0696 (Phoneme)<\/td>\n\u062f \u0628\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u06cc\u0627 \u063a\u0696 (b)\u060c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0628\u0628 (kitabbb)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u0648\u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0641\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0648\u06cc (Phonological Awareness) \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627) \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06cc. (Ehri, 1998).<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0645\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0645\u06d0 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u06ab\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0646\u0634\u064a \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0627\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0685\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0696 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0685\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u0648 \u0646\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0685\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06bc\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u0648\u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0646\u06cc\u06a9: \u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0696 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0693\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0686\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0628\u0644 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u00a0 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u06cc. \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696: (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u060c \u0647\u060c \u06cc\u060c \u064a\u060c \u06d0\u060c \u06cd\u060c \u0626) \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696: (\u0632\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u00a0\u067e\u064a\u069a(\u00a0 \u064e\u060c\u00a0\u00a0 \u0650\u060c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064f\u00a0 )). \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0686\u06d0 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u063a\u0696 \u0633\u0627\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0681\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u064a. \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a \u0646\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u06cc \u063a\u0696 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/td>\n\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647 (\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647)<\/td>\n\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n\u063a\u0696<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628<\/td>\n\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n\u06a9\u0650\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0681\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0628\u0628<\/td>\n\/b\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u067e<\/td>\n\u062a\u0648\u067e\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e<\/td>\n\u062a\u0648\u067e\u067e\u067e\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e\u067e\u067e<\/td>\n\/p\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u06a9<\/td>\n\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9<\/td>\n\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9\u06a9\u06a9\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u06a9\u06a9<\/td>\n\/k\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645<\/td>\n\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0645\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0645<\/td>\n\/m\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646<\/td>\n\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0646<\/td>\n\/n\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2026.<\/td>\n…<\/td>\n…<\/td>\n…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647: \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a \u063a\u0696 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06d0 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06d0 \u063a\u0696\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0648\u0633\u064a. \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u06d0 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f (\u0628) \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0648.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u062f \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u0628\u06d0\u0644\u0648 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u062f\u0644<\/h4>\n

\u062f (\u0628) \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/strong> \u0628\u0627<\/strong>\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0628\u0648<\/strong>\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0647<\/strong> \u06cc\u062e\u06d0 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0648<\/strong>\u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0647 \u06ab\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/strong> \u062f \u0645\u06d0\u0648\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/strong> \u06a9\u06d0 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0628\u0626<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0640<\/strong>\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0640<\/strong>\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0628\u06d0<\/strong> \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0640<\/strong>\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0640<\/strong>\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cd<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u064a\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062f (\u0628) \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u0631\u0648\u0644<\/h4>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u063a\u0696 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u063a\u0696 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u067e\u067c \u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0631\u064a. \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f (\u0628) \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0626.<\/p>\n

\u062f (\u0628) \u063a\u0696 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0648 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628<\/td>\n\u0634\u06a9\u0644 (\u0628\u06bc\u0647)<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647<\/td>\n\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/td>\n\u063a\u0696<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u0627\u0644\u0641<\/td>\n\u0628\u0627<\/td>\n\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/baa\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u0648\u0627\u0648<\/td>\n\u0628\u0648<\/td>\n\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/bu\/ \/bo\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u0648\u0627\u0648<\/td>\n\u0628\u0648<\/td>\n\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0627<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/baw\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628<\/td>\n\u0634\u06a9\u0644 (\u0628\u06bc\u0647)<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u0647<\/td>\n\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a<\/td>\n\u063a\u0696<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u0647<\/td>\n\u0628\u0647<\/td>\n\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/ba\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u06cc<\/td>\n\u0628\u06cc<\/td>\n\u062f\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/bay\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u064a<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/bi\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u06d0<\/td>\n\u0628\u06d0<\/td>\n\u0644\u0648\u0628\u06d0\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0628\u06d0<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/be\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u06cd<\/td>\n\u0628\u06cd<\/td>\n\u0628\u0627\u0628\u06cd\u060c \u0627\u0628\u06cd<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/b\u2202y\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628 + \u0626<\/td>\n\u0628\u0626<\/td>\n\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0626!<\/td>\n\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u06d0<\/td>\n\/b\u2202y\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062f \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u067c\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0648 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0681 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a \u0644\u06a9\u0647: \u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0628\u06d0.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647(\u0632\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u064a\u069a) \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06d0\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a. \u0644\u06a9\u0647: \u0628\u064e\u0631\u0652\u06cc\u064e\u0627\u0652\u060c \u0628\u0650\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064f\u062a\u0652.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u06d0 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u069a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0633\u06d0 \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0681\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u06cc\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a\u061b \u06a9\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u06d0 \u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u064a \u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u06d0\u200c\u0648\u0627\u06a9 + \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a\u061b \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0681 \u06a9\u06d0 \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u067c \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f \u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0634\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0693 \u06a9\u0693\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647<\/td>\n\u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/td>\n\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062d\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0627<\/td>\n\/barya\/<\/td>\n\u06cc + \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d0 (\u06cc) \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n\/Jawad\/<\/td>\n\u0648\u0627\u0648 + \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u06a9\u06d0 (\u0648) \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062f\u0648\u0628\u06cc<\/td>\n\/Dubay\/<\/td>\n\u0628 + \u06cc \u06a9\u06d0 (\u06cc) \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648\u0627\u06a9 \u063a\u0696 \u062f\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062f\u0627 \u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06cc \u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u0696 \u0644\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u06d0\u0644\u06ab\u06d0<\/td>\n\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a (\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641)<\/td>\n\u063a\u0696<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n\u0633\u060c \u062b\u060c \u0635<\/td>\n\/s\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0633\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631<\/td>\n\u0633\u060c \u062b\u060c \u0635<\/td>\n\/s\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0646\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n\u0633\u060c \u062b\u060c \u0635<\/td>\n\/s\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0632\u0693\u069a\u062a\u060c \u0630\u06a9\u0631\u060c \u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0638\u0631\u0641<\/td>\n\u0632\u060c \u0630\u060c \u0636\u060c \u0638<\/td>\n\/z\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n\u062a\u060c \u0637<\/td>\n\/t\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062d\u062c\u060c \u0647\u0648\u0627<\/td>\n\u062d\u060c \u0647<\/td>\n\/h\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u062f\u0627 \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u063a\u0696 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0 \u062a\u0648\u067e\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f (Visual spelling) \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u0681\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0693\u06cd\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n

(Ehri) \u062f \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u200c\u067e\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0686\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0\u00a0 \u067e\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06d0 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0693\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 (Reading Acquisition) \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0685\u067e\u0631\u06a9\u064a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u064a: \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0693\u062e\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u06d0 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0693\u06cc \u0634\u064a. \u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u062f\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u064a (The Simple View of Reading) \u0686\u06d0 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c\u06d0\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06ab\u0627\u0641 (Gough) \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0631 (Tunmer) \u067e\u0647 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f8\u06f6 \u0632\u06d0\u0696\u062f\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0693\u0647. \u0647\u063a\u0648\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a: \u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 (Decoding) \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u06d0\u062f\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0698\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0648\u06cc (Language comprehension). \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u064a \u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a. Reading = Decoding \u00d7 comprehension.<\/p>\n

\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u0633\u06a9\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f1\u06f6 \u0632\u06d0\u0696\u062f\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0698\u0628\u06d0 \u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u06a9\u0693\u06cc \u062f\u06cc. \u0631\u0627\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u0686\u06d0: \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a. \u062f \u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0648 (\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0648) \u062f \u063a\u0696\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u00a0 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u067c \u067e\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u064a \u0646\u0647 \u062f \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u06d0. \u062f \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0681 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u064a \u06a9\u06d0 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a. \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u0686\u06d0 \u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0648\u06cc (Phonemic Awareness) \u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u064a \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u06d0\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/h1>\n

\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u063a\u0696 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0648 \u0681\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0631\u06d0\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0632 (\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0631\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0693) \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f \u063a\u0696\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0693\u06cc\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u069a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u069a\u06cc.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u062e\u0681\u0644\u06cc\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u0647 \ud83d\udcda<\/h1>\n
    \n
  • \u0631\u069a\u062a\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0635\u062f\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0698\u0628 \u069a\u0648\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0647 (\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u06ab\u0631\u0627\u0645).: \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n
  • \u0632\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0627\u06bc\u06cc\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc\u0648\u0645. \u06f1\u06f3\u06f8\u06f5 \u0644. \u0644. \u0632\u0627\u0647\u062f \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648- \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n
  • \u0647\u06cc\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0632\u06a9\u0648 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0633. \u06f1\u06f3\u06f9\u06f0 \u0644.\u0644. \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0648\u0645 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u06cc. \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644: \u062f \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u06d0 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n
    1. Ehri, L. C. (1995). Phases of development in learning to read words by sight. Journal of Research in Reading.
      \n5. Gough, P. B., & Tunmer, W. E. (1986). Decoding, reading, and reading disability. Remedial and Special Education.
      \n6. \u00a0UNESCO (2016). If You Don\u2019t Understand, How Can You Learn?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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