{"id":205076,"date":"2026-02-24T01:00:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T20:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taand.com\/main\/?p=205076"},"modified":"2026-02-01T04:29:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-31T23:59:20","slug":"%d8%af-%d9%81%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1%db%8d-%db%b2%db%b4%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%86%d8%b1-%d9%be%d9%87-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae-%da%a9%db%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=205076","title":{"rendered":"\u062f \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cd \u06f2\u06f4\u0645\u0647 \u062f \u0627\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u06d0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0632\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u06d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1304\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u06d0 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0693\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1501 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u062c\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Sixt(us) Birck [Xystus Betulius]) \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631 (Suzanna)<br \/>\n\u062f 1750\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0647\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u060c\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0698\u0628\u067e\u0648\u0647 (Mikl\u00f3s R\u00e9vai) \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1843\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u06ab\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631(Joaquim] The\u00f3filo F Braga )\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0<br \/>\n\u062f 1852\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0622\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u0689\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (George A Moore)\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u06d0 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0648\u063a\u0693\u0648\u0644\u06d0 . \u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0646\u06ab \u0643\u06d0 \u0627\u0646\u0681\u0648\u0631\u06ab\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0647 .\u062f\u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0631 (Esther Waters) \u0646\u0648\u0645\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 186\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0627\u0646\u0681\u0648\u0631\u06ab\u0631\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u067e\u062f\u064a\u0643 Daniel Berkeley Updike \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f.<br \/>\n\u062f 1879\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Herman Teirlinck) \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f8\u06f5 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u067e\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0689\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski) \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0648\u063a\u0693\u0648\u0644\u06d0. \u062a\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u06d0 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1887 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0698\u0628\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0686\u06d0\u0633 Mary Ellen Chase \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u06d0 \u062f\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0645 (White Gate)\u062f\u0649.<br \/>\n\u062f 1899 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0689\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062e (Jacob Presser) \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1906 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Alexis Curvers) \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0648\u063a\u0693\u0648\u0644\u06d0. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0645 (Tempo di Roma, Bourg-le-Rond) \u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">1909\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (August William Derleth) \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. (Judge Peck Mysteries) \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0649.<br \/>\n\u062f 1928 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0645\u064a\u0686\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646\u06ab\u067c\u0646 \u0633\u067e\u0646\u067c \u0644\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0633 Michael Harrington St Louis \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631(Fragments of Century) \u0646\u0648\u0645\u06d0\u0696\u064a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f 1862 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Bernard S Ingemann)\u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648.<br \/>\n1876 \u062f \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0689\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631(Jan Pieter Heije)\u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0648\u0647 \u0634\u067e\u06d0\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0646\u06cd \u0643\u06d0 \u062f \u062a\u0644 \u0644\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u067e\u067c\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u062f1924\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Edmond Picard French)\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648\u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u067e\u067c\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. (Ambidextre journalist) \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u062f\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0632\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f 1304\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u06ab\u06d0 \u0631\u06bc\u06d0 \u0643\u0693\u06d0. \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u06d0 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0693\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u06d0 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u06d0\u0631\u06d0 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u0631\u064a. \u062f 1501 \u0643\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0681 \u062c\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644 (Sixt(us) Birck [Xystus Betulius]) \u0648\u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f. \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[1676],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-205076","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-1676"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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