{"id":190151,"date":"2021-07-01T07:10:13","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T02:40:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taand.com\/main\/?p=190151"},"modified":"2021-06-30T23:45:16","modified_gmt":"2021-06-30T19:15:16","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%80%d9%80%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%a1%d9%a8%d9%a7%d9%a7-%d9%a1%d9%a9%d9%a3%d9%a8-%d8%b9-%da%98%d8%a8%d8%a7%da%93%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%88-%d9%bc%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06a9 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u062f \u0634\u0644\u0645\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u062a\u06d0\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0685\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a \u0685\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u067e\u0644\u06d0 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u063a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u069a \u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0647. \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0649 \u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u069a\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0693\u06d0 \u0633\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u062f”\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642” \u0644\u0642\u0628\u00a0\u00a0\u0626\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

\u0632\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0626\u06d0 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0632\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062f \u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u0645\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0669 \u0646\u06d0\u067c\u0647\u060c \u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0681 (\u0686\u064a \u062f \u0661\u0662\u0665\u0666 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0639\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u062f \u0661\u0668 \u0627\u0648 \u0661\u0662\u0669\u0664 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0633\u067e\u0648\u0696\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u06d0 \u062f \u0663\u00a0\u00a0\u0646\u06d0\u067c\u06d0 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u064a) \u062f\u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u067c(<\/sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>)<\/sup>\u067e\u0647 \u069a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0632\u06d0\u0696\u06d0\u062f\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u0646\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u06d0\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0634\u06d0\u062e \u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u06d0\u062f\u0626\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0661\u0664 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631 \u0648.<\/p>\n

\u0634\u06d0\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u06a9\u0647 \u06ab\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062f \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u067e\u064a\u0693\u06cd \u06a9\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0645\u063a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 (\u0661\u0660\u0663\u0667- \u0661\u0660\u0666\u0667 \u0647\u0640 . \u0642 ) \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0661\u0668 \u0645\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u064a\u0627 \u062f \u0661\u0669 \u0645\u06d0\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u062f \u06a9\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u067c \u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06d0\u0634\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u06d0\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0632\u06ab\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0693\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0647. \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u062f\u0685\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0668\u0662\u0639\u00a0\u00a0\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f\u06a9\u064a \u0634\u0627\u06ab\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0693. \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u062f\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f \u0647\u0645\u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0681\u0627\u0649\u0647 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0645 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647. \u0627\u0648\u00a0\u00a0\u064a\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0668\u0663\u0639\u00a0\u00a0\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u00a0\u00a0\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06ab\u0631\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0631\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0685\u064a\u0696\u064a\u060c \u0686\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u062f \u0632\u062f\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0685\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u067c\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0686 \u0645\u0634\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0649 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0669\u0663\u0639\u00a0\u00a0\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0686 \u0645\u0634\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0649 \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0644 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u064a\u067c\u0631\u064a\u06a9 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0686 \u0645\u0634\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u06a9\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0648. \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0669\u0665 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a \u0633\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u0648\u0693\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u06ab\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u067c \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0648. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0693\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0669\u0667\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633(B.A) \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0631 \u06d0 \u062a\u0631\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0648\u06d0\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f \u0633\u0631\u0648 \u0632\u0631\u0648 \u062f \u0645\u0689\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u067e \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u0633\u0648.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06d0 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06d0 \u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0668\u0669\u0669\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0633\u067c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0647. \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u06ab\u0627\u067c\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0698\u0628\u064a \u062f \u069a\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0693\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062f \u06ab\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0645\u0646\u067c \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062f \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0633\u067c\u0627\u0646\u067c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u06ab\u0647 \u0648\u067c\u0627\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0648. \u062a\u0631 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0665\u0639 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f\u06d0 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0693\u060c \u062a\u0631 \u0685\u0648 \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0665 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693\u0626.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0665\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f \u06a9\u06d0\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062c \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 (Cambridge University) \u067e\u0647 \u067c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u067c\u064a \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c (Trinity College) \u06a9\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0667\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062f \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u064a \u062f\u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0646\u06a9\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0646 (Lincoln\u2019s Inn) \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0633\u067c\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f (Barrister) \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0669\u0660\u0667\u0639) \u06a9\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0645\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u062c\u0631\u0645\u0646\u064a \u062f \u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062e \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 (University of Munich) \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0685\u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0693.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0661\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u06ab\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0645\u06d0\u0632 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u062c\u0648\u0693\u06d0\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0693 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0626\u06d0 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u06a9\u0693.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0663\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u0647\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u06d0 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0647\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u06d0\u00a0\u00a0\u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0689\u0631\u064a\u0689 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f “\u0647\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0647” \u067e\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0686\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u06d0\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u06d0\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u06d0 \u0627\u0648 \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0644\u06d0 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0\u060c \u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0626. \u067e\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u06a9\u0693 \u0627\u0648\u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0681 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u06a9\u069a\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u06a9\u0693.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u06d0 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0669\u0663\u0663\u0639) \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u06ab\u0689\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062f \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u06ab\u0631\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u062f \u062e\u064a\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u06a9\u0693. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0632\u0646\u064a\u060c \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u069a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u06a9\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u0648\u067c\u064a \u067e\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0626. \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631 \u062f\u06d0 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u064a\u067c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0626. \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u062f “\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642” \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u06ab\u067c\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0648\u00a0\u00a0\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u069a\u0647 \u067e\u062e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u06cd \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u06cd \u0689\u06d0\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0681\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647\u060c \u062f \u062f\u0647 \u062f \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u0627\u062f\u06d0 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u0661\u0662\u0660\u0660\u0660 \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f \u062f\u063a\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0667\u0660\u0660\u0660 \u0632\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0665\u0660\u0660\u0660 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f \u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0696 \u062f\u0647\u060c\u0627\u0648 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0686\u064a \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0626\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0646\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647. \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0681\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u06d0 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u062a\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0693\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u0685\u0648 \u062f \u063a\u0641\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u069a \u0633\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u06a9\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u064a :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cd \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0661\u0665\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

    \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u06d0 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0661\u0667\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064f\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0689\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u067e\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0662\u0664\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0648 \u067e\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631 \u0685\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644 \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u06a9\u0693\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u062f\u0627\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0662\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u064a \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u067e\u0633 \u0686\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06d0 \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0642:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0666\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u062a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u06d0 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u06a9\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u062e\u067e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631 (\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0663 \u0639) )\u060c \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647. \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u06a9\u064a \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0664 \u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0627\u0631\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f \u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u06ab \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0634\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u06d0 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0632\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062c\u0645:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0662\u0667\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                  \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06ab \u062f\u0631\u0627:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u06cd \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0662\u0664 \u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u062a\u0631 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0647 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06af\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u06d0 \u062f\u0647. \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u0648\u06d0\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626:<\/p>\n

                    \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647: \u062f \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u06cd \u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0631 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0665\u0639 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

                    \u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647: \u062f \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0665 \u0639 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0668\u0639 \u067e\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

                    \u062f\u0631\u06d0\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647: \u062f \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0668 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647\u00a0\u00a0\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647 .<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. \u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0665\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0648\u064a\u0644 \u06a9\u06d0\u0696\u064a \u0686\u064a \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u062a\u0631 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u069a \u06a9\u0693\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0645:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0666 \u0639 \u06a9\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0693\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0693\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. \u0627\u0631\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632 (\u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647):<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          \u00a0\u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f \u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u06ab \u0634\u067e\u0696 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0634\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0693\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u0648 \u062f \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            \u00a0\u062f\u0627 \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u0686\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0693\u0649 \u0681\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0660\u0663\u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626 .<\/p>\n

                            \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. The Reconstruction of Religious thought in Islam:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              \u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 (\u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u06d0 \u062f \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u064a\u0644) \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0660\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0647\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0648 (\u0667) \u062e\u0637\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u06ab\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0689\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u06ab\u0693\u0647\u0640 \u06a9\u064a \u0648\u0631\u06a9\u0693\u064a \u0648\u06d0. \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u0626\u06d0 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u06bc\u0647 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. The Development of Metaphysics in Persia:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 (\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u06d0 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u064a) \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u062f\u0648\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u06d0\u0632\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0626. \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0698\u0628\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                                \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u067c\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u064a \u0626\u06d0 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0689\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u064a:<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06ab \u062f\u0631\u0627:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  \u00a0\u00a0\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0663\u0663\u0666 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0663 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0622\u0631\u067c \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0632\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0644\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. \u067e\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0662\u0666\u0664 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0663 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0628\u0644\u06a9 \u0622\u0631\u067c \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0634\u064a\u0631\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    1. \u0632\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u062c\u0645:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                      \u00a0\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0662\u0660\u0668 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0661 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u062f \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. \u0627\u0631\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                        \u00a0\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0662\u0668\u0660 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0664 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0646\u067c\u064a\u0646\u06ab \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        1. \u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                          \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u0662\u0662\u0664 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0667 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a\u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0646\u067c\u064a\u0646\u06ab \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          1. \u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631… \u0645\u062e \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0667 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0645:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                              \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u0661\u0668\u0662 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0667 \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a\u2013 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u064a. \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0646\u067c\u064a\u0646\u06ab \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647<\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              1. \u067e\u0633 \u0686\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/li>\n
                                              2. \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631… \u0645\u062e \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u067e\u0647 …….. \u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0626\u06d0 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u0645\u064a-\u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0633\u067c\u064a \u062f\u0647. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0626\u06d0 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u0644 \u06a9\u0693\u06d0 \u062f\u0647.<\/li>\n
                                              3. \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u069a\u064a \u062f \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u064a\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0662\u0669\u0664 \u0645\u062e\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0646 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0626\u060c \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0662 \u0639 \u06a9\u064a \u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0689\u0645\u064a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0686\u064a \u0627\u0648\u00a0\u00a0\u067e\u069a\u062a\u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u06d0\u0689\u064a\u0645\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a \u062e\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0648 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0633\u067e\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u067e\u06d0\u069a\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                1. \u067e\u0631\u062f\u06d0\u0633:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                  \u062f\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u062f “\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631” \u062f \u0633\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d0 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u060c \u0686\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0661\u0663\u0662\u0661\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u064a \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0681\u067e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u064a \u062e\u067e\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n

                                                  \u0645\u0693\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                  \u00a0\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u063a\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u00a0\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u062f \u0627\u067e\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u067e\u0631 \u0662\u0661 \u0645\u0647 \u062f \u0648\u0631\u067e\u064a\u069a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0631\u0648\u063a\u06cd \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0693 \u0627\u0648 \u062f \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u06a9\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0633\u0648.<\/p>\n

                                                  ————————————<\/p>\n

                                                  \u0645\u0627\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0647 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  1. \u062f \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f \u0689\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0662\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                    2.\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0644\u064a\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062d\u06a9\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062e\u067e\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0661\u0663\u0669\u0660 \u0644.<\/p>\n

                                                    3.\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0646\u0647\/\u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u062e\u06d0\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0628\u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647 .<\/p>\n

                                                    http:\/\/taand.com\/index.php?mod=article&cat=taand3&article=26760<\/a><\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    1. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u00a0: \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/a>\/ \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0628\u067e\u0627\u06bc\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                      http:\/\/eslahonline.net\/6118<\/u><\/p>\n

                                                        \n
                                                      1. \u0648\u064a\u06a9\u064a\u067e\u064a\u0689\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0646\u064a\u067c \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0646\u06ab\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                        http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muhammad_Iqbal<\/p>\n

                                                          \n
                                                        1. \u0648\u064a\u06a9\u064a\u067e\u064a\u0689\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0646\u064a\u067c \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0693\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                          http:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C<\/p>\n

                                                            \n
                                                          1. \u0648\u064a\u06a9\u064a\u067e\u064a\u0689\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f \u0627\u0646\u067c\u0631\u0646\u064a\u067c \u0627\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u064f\u0631\u062f\u0648\u00a0\u00a0\u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                                            http:\/\/ur.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84<\/p>\n

                                                            <\/a>\u00a0\u0686\u064a \u0647\u063a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u062a \u062f \u0628\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f \u062f \u0646\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0686\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0647 .<\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0661<\/strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                            \u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06a9 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u062f \u0634\u0644\u0645\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u062a\u06d0\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0685\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":170847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-190151","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-social"},"yoast_head":"\n\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06a9 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u062f \u0634\u0644\u0645\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u062a\u06d0\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0685\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/taandcom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"409\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"311\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"taand\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"taand\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"taand\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1\"},\"headline\":\"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \\\/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151\"},\"wordCount\":92,\"commentCount\":2,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/Iqbal.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ps\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151\",\"name\":\"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \\\/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/Iqbal.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ps\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ps\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/Iqbal.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/Iqbal.jpg\",\"width\":409,\"height\":311},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?p=190151#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \\\/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\",\"description\":\"Afghan news\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ps\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1\",\"name\":\"taand\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ps\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"taand\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/taand.net\\\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f","og_description":"\u0689\u0627\u06a9\u067c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0686\u064a \u0689\u06d0\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06a9 \u0626\u06d0 \u067e\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0698\u0646\u064a \u062f \u0634\u0644\u0645\u064a \u067e\u06d0\u0693\u06cd \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u062a\u06d0\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0626. \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0693\u064a \u062f \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0693\u06cd \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u062f \u067e\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0648 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0698\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0689\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0685\u064a \u06a9\u0693\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u06ab\u0647 \u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0685\u062e\u0647 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0693\u064a […]","og_url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151","og_site_name":"\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/taandcom\/","article_published_time":"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00","og_image":[{"width":409,"height":311,"url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"taand","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"taand","Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151"},"author":{"name":"taand","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/#\/schema\/person\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1"},"headline":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647","datePublished":"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151"},"wordCount":92,"commentCount":2,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg","articleSection":["\u067c\u0648\u0644\u0646\u06cc\u0632"],"inLanguage":"ps","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151","url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151","name":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 - \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg","datePublished":"2021-07-01T02:40:13+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/#\/schema\/person\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ps","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ps","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/taand.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Iqbal.jpg","width":409,"height":311},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?p=190151#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/taand.net\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 (\u0661\u0668\u0667\u0667 \u2013 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0668 \u0639) \u0698\u0628\u0627\u0693\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u067c\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/#website","url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/","name":"\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f","description":"Afghan news","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ps"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/taand.net\/#\/schema\/person\/20620b54b11f5e6d73a06dbf3fba38e1","name":"taand","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ps","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/325839c5c2bfea89f27fa6b9484608d5d439541359b48f5fab002a0d5c91e22d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"taand"},"url":"https:\/\/taand.net\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=190151"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":190152,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190151\/revisions\/190152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/170847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=190151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=190151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/taand.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=190151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}